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Web Pages
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  Biographies of Women Mathematicians - http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/women.htm
On-going project by students in mathematics classes at Agnes Scott College, in Atlanta, Georgia.
  Archimedes Palimpsest - http://www.archimedespalimpsest.org/
Provides information on a project at the Walters Art Museum to study and conserve the ancient texts in this 13th century book.
  University of St. Andrews: Biography Index - http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/BiogIndex.html
Names are listed alphetically or by date, from 1680 BC to the present.
  The History of Mathematics - http://www.maths.tcd.ie/pub/HistMath/
Collection of original papers of Berkeley, Hamilton, Riemann, Boole, Cantor, and Newton. Includes background and notes. Maintained by David R. Wilkins from Trinity College, Dublin
  History of Mathematics - http://www.maths.tcd.ie/pub/HistMath/HistMath.html
Online texts of historic mathematical people, including Hamilton, Riemann, Newton, Boole, and Cantor. Also, has biographical backgrounds for key figures during the 17th and 18th centuries.
  Archimedes - http://www.cs.drexel.edu/~crorres/Archimedes/contents.html
Provides a biography and cultural background, as well as details about his discoveries. Page includes photos and a timeline.
  Dirichlet - Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (1805-1859) - http://turnbull.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Dirichlet.html
Proved that in any arithmetic progression with first term coprime to the difference there are infinitely many primes, units in algebraic number theory, ideals, proposed the modern definition of a function.
  Gauss, Johann Carl Friedrich (1777-1855) - http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Gauss.html
One of the all-time greats, Gauss began to show his mathematical brilliance at the early age of seven. He is usually credited with the first proof of The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra.
  The Grothendieck Biography Project - http://www.fermentmagazine.org/home5.html
Links relating to Alexandre Groethendieck.
  Bernoulli, Daniel (1700-1782) - http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Bernoulli_Daniel.html
Most important work considered the basic properties of fluid flow, pressure, density and velocity, and gave their fundamental relationship now known as Bernoulli's principle.
  Kolmogorov, Andrei Nikolaevich (1903-1987) - http://www.cwi.nl/~paulv/KOLMOGOROV.BIOGRAPHY.html
Worked on trigonometric series, set theory, integration analysis, constructive logic, topology, approximation methods, probability, statistics, random processes, information theory, dynamical systems, algorithms, celestial mechanics, Hilbert's 13th problem, and ballistics. Also, studied and applications of mathematics to problems of biology, geology, linguistics and the crystallization of metals. Born and lived in Russia.
  Peirce, Benjamin (1809-1880) - http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/peirce-benjamin/
Life and work of 19th century mathematician and philosopher of mathematics; by Ivor Grattan-Guinness and Alison Walsh.
  d'Alembert - Jean Le Rond d'Alembert (1717-1783) - http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/D'Alembert.html
Helped to resolve the controversy in mathematical physics over the conservation of kinetic energy by improving Newton's definition of force.
  Cauchy, Augustin Louis (1789-1857) - http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Cauchy.html
Cauchy contributed to almost every branch of mathematics. He is probably best known for his important contributions to real and complex analysis.
  Cauchy - Augustin-Louis Cauchy (1789-1857) - http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03457a.htm
(Catholic Encyclopedia) Theory of polyhedra, symmetrical functions, proof of a theorem of Fermat which had baffled mathematicians like Gauss and Euler.
  Plato (427-347 B.C.) - http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Plato.html
"... the reality which scientific thought is seeking must be expressible in mathematical terms, mathematics being the most precise and definite kind of thinking of which we are capable."
  Fermat - Pierre de Fermat (1601-1665) - http://www.maths.tcd.ie/pub/HistMath/People/Fermat/RouseBall/RB_Fermat.html
From `A Short Account of the History of Mathematics' (4th edition, 1908) by W. W. Rouse Ball.
  Galois, Evariste - http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Galois.html
Biography in the St Andres archive.
  Galois, Évariste (1811-1832) - http://history.math.csusb.edu/Mathematicians/Galois.html
Galois theory, a branch of mathematics dealing with the general solution of equations, group theory, method of determining when a general equation could be solved by radicals, solved many long-standing unanswered questions.
  Fibonacci - Who was Fibonacci? - Leonardo of Pisa (1175?-1250) - http://www.mcs.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/R.Knott/Fibonacci/fibBio.html
His names, mathematical contributions, Introducing the decimal number system into Europe, Fibonacci Series.
  Abel - Niels Henrik Abel (1802-1829) - http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Abel.html
Norwegian mathematician. Worked on elliptic functions and integrals, algebraic solution of equations and solubility by radicals.
  Lambert - Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728 - 1777) - http://www.maths.tcd.ie/pub/HistMath/People/Lambert/RouseBall/RB_Lambert.html
In a memoir in 1768 on transcendental magnitudes he proved that pi is incommensurable.
  Andrei Nikolaevich Kolmogorov (1903-1987) - http://kolmogorov.com/Kolmogorov.html
The most prominent twentieth-century mathematician.
  Chebyshev - Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev (1821-1894) - http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Chebyshev.html
Work on prime numbers included the determination of the number of primes not exceeding a given number, wrote an important book on the theory of congruences, proved that there was always at least one prime between n and 2n for n > 3.
  Diophantus of Alexandria (c. 200-284 ) - http://history.math.csusb.edu/Mathematicians/Diophantus.html
Best known for his Arithmetica, a work on the theory of numbers, a collection of 130 problems giving numerical solutions of determinate equations.
  Galois - The Evariste Galois Archive - http://www.galois-group.net/
Includes personal biography, explanation of his theory and related links.
  Gauss - Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855) - http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Vines/2977/gauss/gauss.html
Gauss' Biography, Formulae, properties, Gauss' Life in Charts, Quotes, Doing a report on Gauss?, Works Cited List
  Al-Sabi Thabit ibn Qurra al-Harrani - http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Thabit.html
Gives information on background and contributions to non-euclidean geometry, spherical trigonometry, number theory and the field of statics. Was an important translator of Greek materials, including Euclid's Elements, during the Middle Ages.
  The Eratosthenes Project - http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/observatory/eratosthenes/
Gives information about the techniques and computations used by this ancient mathematician to find the circumference of the earth. Includes sample sketch and reconstructed map of the world.
  Oughtred, William (1574-1660) - http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Oughtred.html
Best known for the invention of an early form of the slide rule.
  Schmidt, Erhard (1876-1959) - http://history.math.csusb.edu/Mathematicians/Schmidt.html
Main research was functional analysis, doctorate was obtained under Hilbert's supervision, main interest was in integral equations and Hilbert space, best remembered for the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalisation process.
  Julius Wilhelm Richard Dedekind - http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Dedekind.html
Provides biographical details of this German mathematician who lived from 1831 to 1916.
  Cramer - Gabriel Cramer (1704-1752) - http://history.math.csusb.edu/Mathematicians/Cramer.html
Best known for his work on determinants, made contributions to the study of algebraic curves.
  Pell, John (1611-1685) - http://history.math.csusb.edu/Mathematicians/Pell.html
Worked on algebra and number theory, gave a table of factors of all integers up to 100000 in 1668. Pell's equation is y^2 = ax^2 + 1, where a is a non-square integer.
  Zermelo - Ernst Friedrich Ferdinand Zermelo (1871-1953) - http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Zermelo.html
Zermelo in 1908 was the first to attempt an axiomatisation of set theory
  Hermann Gunter Grassmann - http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Grassmann.html
Provides biographical details of this German mathematician who lived from 1809 to 1877, the inventor of what is now called exterior algebra.
  Bessel - Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (1784-1846) - http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/persons/pers_bessel.html
Catalogued stars, predicted a planet beyond Uranus as well as the existence of dark stars, investigated Johann Kepler's problem of heliocentricity, and systematized the mathematical functions involved, which now bear his name.
  The Works of Archimedes - http://www.archive.org/details/worksofarchimede029517mbp
Provides the full text of this book translated by T. L. Heath.
  Sheynin, Oscar - http://www.sheynin.de/
Freelance researcher specializes in the history of probability, statistics and error theory. Page includes list of publications and outside reviews.
  Shortest path to Gauss - http://www.gauss.info
This site is the quickest access to information about C.F.Gauss, although reduced to a single page.
  Eratosthenes of Cyrene (276-194 BC) - http://www.eranet.gr/eratosthenes/html/eoc.html
Discusses this early Grecian's discoveries in finding a good approximation of the circumference of the earth, the tilt angle of our planet and a tool for finding prime numbers. Page includes biographical information.
  Fibonacci Mathematics by Dr. Peter Reimers - http://www.fibonacci-mathematics.de/
Describes the rabbit problem and the Fibonacci sequence and some generalized rules.
  A Chonicle of Mathematical People - http://www.robertnowlan.com/
Robert A. Nowlan provides short biographical sketches of mathematicians from many diverse fields.
  The Grothendieck Circle - http://www.math.jussieu.fr/~leila/grothendieckcircle/index.php
Aims to make publicly available materials written by and about Alexandre Grothendieck. Made contributions to algebraic geometry, homological algebra and functional analysis. Page includes list of mathematical,biographical publications and some portrait photos.

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